Národné hospodárstvo tvorí určitý súhrn (mnoţinu) jednotlivých oblastí ekonomických činností realizovaných na území určitej krajiny. Tieto oblasti sú prostredníctvom deľby práce veľmi úzko prepojené, podmienené a navzájom závislé. Hlavnou funkciou NH je uspokojovať rastúce potreby obyvateľov statkami a sluţbami, starať sa o ţivotné prostredie, zabezpečovať technický, kultúrny a spoločenský pokrok krajiny. Národné hospodárstva celého sveta sú súčasťou svetového trhu a tvoria svetové hospodárstvo. Kaţdé NH uspokojuje potreby svojich obyvateľov na určitej úrovni a preto ţivotná úroveň je v kaţdej krajine iná.
Národné hospodárstvo je teda sústavou hospodárskych subjektov (firiem, domácností, štátu) pri ktorých dochádza k ich vzájomnej interakcii.
Ide o zloţitú sústavu v ktorej môţeme rozlíšiť určitú štruktúru a tú môţeme posudzovať z rôznych hľadísk a na rôznych úrovniach napr. klasifikácia podľa:
– odvetvia – na výrobné a nevýrobné
– sektorov – primárny, sekundárny, terciárny a kvarciárny
– produkcie – inštitucionálne sektory, finančné inštitúcie, nefinančné podniky, verejná sprava atď.
– územia – podľa regionálnej štruktúry
Charakteristika národného hospodárstva
Charakteristickou črtou vývoja sektorovej štruktúry národného hospodárstva tak na tvorbe HDP, ako aj zamestnanosti je klesajúci podiel primárneho sektora, kam spadá aj poľnohospodárstvo, a narastajúca váha terciárneho sektora. V sektorovej štruktúre HDP podiel primárneho sektora má klesajúcu tendenciu na úkor nárastu terciárneho sektora na tvorbe HDP. Vývoj sektorovej štruktúry zamestnanosti od roku 1867 prešiel viacerými zmenami. V tomto období významnú úlohu zohrávalo poľnohospodárstvo. Primárny sektor zamestnával aţ 81 % obyvateľstva, pričom v sekundárnom sektore bolo zamestnaných len 10 % obyvateľstva a v terciárnom sektore 9 %. V nasledujúcom štádiu vývoja rástol podiel osôb zamestnaných v sekundárnom sektore na úkor primárneho sektora. Súčasný vývoj je charakteristický poklesom primárneho aj sekundárneho sektora a zvyšujúcim sa podielom terciárneho sektora.
Nedodržanie GDPR stálo malé firmy vysoké sankcie
General Data Protection Regulation nadobudla účinnosť 25.5.2018. GDPR sa týka každého kto zhromažďuje a spracováva osobné údaje, vrátane spoločností a inštitúcií mimo EÚ, ktoré pôsobia na našom trhu. S vypracovním GDPR dokumentácie vám profesionálne pomôže spoločnosť SAFEDATA. GDPR po novom zaviedlo povinne zriadiť niektorým subjektom novú funkciu DPO (Data Protection Officer) osobu, ktorá bude dohliadať nad spracovaní osobných údajov.
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